GENERAL SEGRETARIAT OF SPORTS OF GREECE
MINISTRY OF CULTURE
ATHENS OLYMPIC STADIUM Restyling
Conception
ARCH. SANTIAGO CALATRAVA VALLS
Construction
COSTRUZIONI CIMOLAI ARMANDO S.p.A.
Structural Consultant
STUDIO GIORGIO ROMARO
All text and images are provided courtesy of
COSTRUZIONI CIMOLAI ARMANDO S.p.A. - Pordenone - Italy
Background
The structure consists of two roof coverings each spanning approximately
304m and varying in width from 60m to 100m. When joined, the inside perimeter
of the two coverings provides an elliptical opening over the football field of the main stadium.
Each covering is supported by a curved truss structure consisting of two arches: an upper ARCH TUBE
and a lower TORSION TUBE. The tubes are 3m in diameter with a wall thickness of up to 90mm.
The two arches are connected with cables.
The main roof girders are positioned orthogonal to,
and built into the, lower arch. They are supported at the opposite end by cables anchored to the upper arch.
The entire structure is supported at four points.
These supports also play an important role in the construction phase: they are used
as temporary sliding supports (skids) to transport the arches
from the assembly area to their final position.
Straus7 analysis of the ARCH TUBE flange
Straus7 analysis of the connections between the GIRDERS and the TORSION TUBE
Straus7 analysis of the support skid
The construction of the arches required the bending of steel plate of up to 90mm
in thickness. To achieve this, the largest steel press in Europe, located at the
S.Giorgio di Nogaro plant of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A, was used.
The press is 22m tall by 20m long and has a 15m blade.
Straus7 model of the press
Non-linear contact analysis of the interaction between the press,
the supporting frame and the foundation
6000 ton press for bending steel plate up to 90mm in thickness, constructed
by Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A. for their plant in S.Giorgio di Nogaro
Complete assembled press
Press: completed forming of a portion of the tube, at the S.Giorgio di Nogaro
plant of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
ARCH TUBE: construction phase at the Polcenigo plant
of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
TORSION TUBE: construction phase at the Roveredo plant
of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
TORSION TUBE: pre-assembly phase at the S.Giorgio di Nogaro plant
of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
TORSION TUBE: pre-assembly phase at the Polcenigo plant
of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Intersection between the ARCH TUBE and the TORSION TUBE: pre-assembly
phase at the S.Giorgio di Nogaro plant of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A. transported the tubes by sea:
loading of one section of the TORSION TUBE
Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A. used special ships for the transportation
of some specific components: loading of the lower section of the skid, weighing
approximately 250 tons
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Assembly of the ARCH TUBE on temporary structure
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Assembly of the ARCH TUBE
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Assembly of the ARCH TUBE: completed erection
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Assembly of the TORSION TUBE: completed erection
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Skid: connection of the arch to the support
Straus7 model of the skid
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Skid: connection of the arch to the support
Straus7 model of the arch
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Assembly of the roof beams
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Assembly of the roof beams
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Partly completed structure prior to final positioning
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Arial view of the stadium during assembly: West arch in its final position
and east arch in the process of relocation
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Installation of polycarbonate roof panels
Athens construction site of Cimolai Armando S.p.A.
Complete assembly of the structure: showing the MAIN NODE
Straus7 model of the complete structure
Note: some photographs courtesy of CESARE GENUZIO - Pordenone|
The structure consists of two roof coverings each spanning approximately
304m and varying in width from 60m to 100m. When joined, the inside perimeter
of the two coverings provides an elliptical opening over the football field of the main stadium.
Each covering is supported by a curved truss structure consisting of two arches: an upper ARCH TUBE
and a lower TORSION TUBE. The tubes are 3m in diameter with a wall thickness of up to 90mm.
The two arches are connected with cables.
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The construction of the arches required the bending of steel plate of up to 90mm in thickness. To achieve this, the largest steel press in Europe, located at the S.Giorgio di Nogaro plant of Costruzioni Cimolai Armando S.p.A, was used. The press is 22m tall by 20m long and has a 15m blade. |
For more information please contact us by e-mail: straus7@hsh.info